The Far Eastern Affairs N2 2017

Сontents

The 45th Anniversary of the Far Eastern Affairs

Politics

N. Mukhine. The Exploration of “Singapore Model” in the PRC under Xi Jingping

Economy

Ya. Berger. The Emergence of China as a Global Innovation Power

N. Koledenkova. The Manufacturing Industry of China: Status and Prospects

Li Xing, Nu Yicheng. Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Versions of “New Silk Road”

V. Dodonov. The Debt Problem of Japan: Retrospective Analysis of Factors and Trends

Russian Far East

D. Suslov. Foreign Trade of the Far Eastern Federal District in 2016

M. Romanov, I. Romanova. Geopolitical “Turn” of Russia to the East and Development of Its Own Eastern Territories

Military build-up

A. Klimenko, P. Kamennov. The Military Policy of the PRC and Its Role in Increasing the Comprehensive Power of the State

View point

Lien Hong-yi. Taiwan, Sino-Russian Military Cooperation and Its Security Implications in East Asia

History

E. Aurilene, N. Buchko. Political Ideology of the Russian Emigration in Manchuria: the Problem of Russia’s Revival

P. Ratmanov. The Beginning of the Plague Epidemic in Manchuria (1910–1911): Events and Interpretations

N. Moskaleva. “The Tibet Mirror” Newspaper as a Historical Source

Religion

S. Gorbunova. Buddhism in the PRC under Social Phenomena Influence

L. Afonina, D. Petrovsky. Some Historical Aspects of the Situation with the Catholic Church in China

Culture

O. Zavyalova. Languages of China in the IT Age

O. Mazo, A. Starostina. Ideology and the Problem of Sacred Geography in the “Discourse on Northern Peak” by Gu Yanwu

A. Storozhuk. The Symbolism of Corporality in the Literary Texts of the Taoist Tradition

Scientific Events

A. Ipatova. Time Connection Maintained. The Institute of Chinese Studies of the USSR (1956–1960) (Personal Recollections and Documents from the Archive of RAS)

IN MEMORIAM

To the Memory of Edward Vermeer (1944–2016)

Book Review

A. Startsev. The History of China from Ancient Times to the Beginning of the XXI Century. Vol. VII.

Scholar jubilee

Jubilee of Valentina Petrovna Zhuravleva

Summary

Summary

N. Mukhine. The Exploration of “Singapore Model” in the PRC under Xi Jing-ping

What aspects of the “Singapore model” look the most attractive to the Chinese leadership? Based on the analysis of a number of party documents issued during the reign of Xi Jinping, the author concludes that many plans of Chinese leadership to transform the country’s political system are inspired by the Singapore experience.

Key words: China, Xi Jinping, domestic policy, the Singapore model, political system of China, documents of the CCP.

Ya. Berger. The Emergence of China as a Global Innovation Power

The article discusses China’s achievements in the innovation sphere and prospects for further enhancing the innovative capacity of the country. The author analyzes the problems of development of fundamental scientific research in China and its transformation into a leading Internet nation of the world.

Key words: China, innovation development, Internet-power, fundamental science, rivalry with the United States.

N. Koledenkova. The Manufacturing Industry of China: Status and Prospects

One of the priority tasks of socio-economic development of China in the second decade of the XXI Century is solved in the manufacturing industry. This is confirmed by the adoption of a program aimed at accelerated modernization of the industry through innovation. The article analyzes the state and prospects of development of the manufacturing industry in China.

Key words: China, manufacturing industry, innovation, “Made in China 2025” program.

Li Xing, Nu Yicheng. Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Versions of “New Silk Road”

The article compares the Chinese project of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the US New Silk Road Initiative. On the basis of their own analysis the authors found that the interpretation of the functions and tasks of the “Silk road” in China and United States diverges, a measure of openness of the two projects, positioning in relation to Russia, Mongolia and Central Asian States also varies. So, if within the framework of the Silk Road Economic Belt Russia possesses a broad space for cooperation, the objective of the New Silk Road Initiative was initially directed to its containment.

Key words: The Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB), the New Silk Road Initiative, Eurasia, Afghanistan, the containment of China and Russia.

V. Dodonov. The Debt Problem of Japan: Retrospective Analysis of Factors and Trends

The article examines the process of increasing the public debt in Japan and the factors that influence this process. It analyzes the main parameters of the public finance system of Japan, focuses on the Japanese specific key fiscal and debt indicators.

Key words: Japan’s public debt, Japan’s budgetary system, the budget deficit, the bond dependence.

D. Suslov. Foreign Trade of the Far Eastern Federal District in 2016

The article considers main trends in the development of foreign trade of the Russian Far East in 2016, shows territorial, commodity and country structure of exports and imports of the Far East region.

Key words: foreign trade, export, import, Russian Far East, regions, commodity structure, North-East Asia.

M. Romanov, I. Romanova. Geopolitical “Turn” of Russia to the East and Development of Its Own Eastern Territories

The article considers the questions of Russia’s “turn” to the East as an attempt to eliminate considerable disbalances in its economic cooperation with West and East and diversification of Russian foreign policy. Special attention is paid to the problems of modernization of the existing territorial-economic structures and formation of new structural units in undeveloped areas of the Russian Far East.

Key words: the “turn” of Russia to the East, spatial development, territorial-economic structure, economic development, diversification.

A. Klimenko, P. Kamennov. The Military Policy of the PRC and Its Role in In-creasing the Comprehensive Power of the State

The article highlights the main directions of the military policy of the PRC, including the modernization of the PLA, the new military reform, the role of the army in maintaining internal political stability, the participation of China in international security and cooperation forums, as well as in peacekeeping operations under UN auspices. It examines the role of military policy in increasing the comprehensive power of the Chinese state.

Key words: military policy, strategy of “active defense in the new conditions”, the program of modernization, new military reform, the comprehensive power of the state, non-military operations.

Lien Hong-yi. Taiwan, Sino-Russian Military Cooperation and Its Security Im-plications in East Asia

This paper describes the PLA military development thinking, the priority of military development, and the importance of Sino-Russian military cooperation in upgrading PLA military power. The author chooses submarine issue as the core of China’s desires to expand its sea power.

Key words: Sino-Russia military cooperation, East Asian security, PLA, Taiwan security.

E. Aurilene, N. Buchko. Political Ideology of the Russian Emigration in Manchuria: the Problem of Russia’s Revival

The article examines political and legal views of Russian politicians, who emigrated to Manchuria after the October Revolution and civil war in Russia. In search of a model for the future Russian statehood some of them followed in line with modern trends of Western political and legal ideology, others went back to the traditional formula “Autocracy, Orthodoxy, Nationality”.

Key words: Russian emigrants, Russian Harbin, state ideal, Russian fascism, solidarism, social Darwinism.

P. Ratmanov. The Beginning of the Plague Epidemic in Manchuria (1910-1911): Events and Interpretations

The paper deals with activities in the first months of the pneumonic plague epidemic in Manchuria (October-December 1910). This period covers events from the registration of the first case of pneumonic plague up to the change of the leadership in both Chinese and Russian anti-plague organizations. It analyzes the local public reaction to these events, presents the main approaches to their interpretation by modern researchers, and provides a new view on the epidemic in the context of the history of Russian medicine.

Key words: Russia, China, Manchuria, Harbin, Chinese Eastern Railway, epidemics, plague, history of medicine.

N. Moskaleva. “The Tibet Mirror” Newspaper as a Historical Source

The Tibet Mirror is one of the few early newspapers in the Tibetan language and, most likely, the first one established and issued by the editor of Tibetan origin. The Tibet Mirror was published from 1925 to 1963 in Kalimpong, India and, despite the geographical location of the publishing place outside of Tibet, for more than 30 years remained the only periodical in the Tibetan language that had been coming out regularly and for such a long period of time. The article suggests the history of issuing of The Tibet Mirror and life of its Editor-in-Chief Dorje Tharchin and a description of the specific strengths and weaknesses of The Tibet Mirror as a historical source.

Key words: Tibetan print media, history of Tibet, Tibetan anticommunist discourse, struggle for the independence of Tibet.

S. Gorbunova. Buddhism in the PRC under Social Phenomena Influence

Buddhist community (sangha) in the PRC is under the influence of new challenges which Chinese society is collided with. Buddhism followers take part in the national innovative development policy which is directed to turning China into Internet power. At the same time Buddhist monasteries are under the influence of such negative factors as corruption. The article examines the different aspects of this problem.

Key words: PRC, Buddhism, society, religious world outlook , Internet, corruption.

L. Afonina, D. Petrovsky. Some Historical Aspects of the Situation with the Catholic Church in China

The article is devoted to complicated problem of relationship between Chinese Catholic Church and Vatican. The authors explore various aspects of the state policy of China in the field of religion and in particular toward Catholicism. Special attention is paid to the history of contacts between Beijing and Vatican.

Key words: China, Catholicism, Vatican, Christianity, religious policy of the CCP.

O. Zavyalova. Languages of China in the IT Age

One of the problems solved by the Chinese linguists and IT specialists in the period of “Reform and Opening-Up” is standardization and computerization of the most important languages and traditional writing systems of the country’s national minorities. Computer software has been already created for electronic dictionaries and computer-assisted translation, as well as for the programs of bilingual education at schools. More than 1000 websites with 12 languages of national minorities have been already created in China. Most of these languages are also used in the adjacent countries, thus becoming an object of special attention of Chinese linguists.

Key words: China’s language policy, national minority policy, languages of China, IT technologies, Internet.

O. Mazo, A. Starostina. Ideology and the Problem of Sacred Geography in the “Discourse on Northern Peak” by Gu Yanwu

The article analyzes an essay by prominent historian and philosopher of the XVII Century Gu Yanwu devoted to certain aspects of historical geography. For Gu Yanwu, the ideologist of the counter-Manchu invaders, the official transfer of the cult seat of Northern peak was visible evidence that under new Qing dynasty China is in decline because of the departure from the ancient traditions.

Key words: sacred geography, Gu Yanwu, sacrifice, ideology of Imperial China.

A. Storozhuk. The Symbolism of Corporality in the Literary Texts of the Taoist Tradition

The article discusses the symbolism of corporality in the description of traditional Taoist pharmacological agents and eatables used to provide extraordinary abilities and even grant immortality. The genesis of these symbols is analyzed following Taoist philosophical texts.

Key words: China, religious beliefs, symbolism, Taoism, immortality, artifacts, philosophy.

A. Ipatova. Time Connection Maintained. The Institute of Chinese Studies of the USSR (1956–1960) (Personal Recollections and Documents from the Archive of RAS)

This article is a tribute to the Institute of Chinese Studies of USSR Academy of Sciences, a unique academic institution whose significance goes far beyond the time frame allotted to it by history. The author traces the connection of generations of sinologists over the past 60 years, the continuity in the development of scientific fields, founded in ICS, the Institutes of Far Eastern and Oriental Studies.

Key words: the USSR, Institute of Chinese Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, Institute of the Far Eastern Studies, domestic Chinese studies.